Manual Communication

Manual Communication is conducted through use of a visual/gestural communication, which can be accompanied by speech or used alone. There are huge differences between the various languages and systems that are sometimes grouped together as "sign language." The following should help clarify these differences:

American Sign Language (ASL) is the visual/gestural language used by many people in the Deaf community in the United States and Canada. It is a language itself and not a visual representation of English. It has its own grammar and syntax and incorporates the use of facial expressions and body movements. Speaking while using ASL is virtually impossible because it does not follow English word order.

In order to properly acquire ASL skills, it is necessary to take classes and gain exposure to native signers. Supporters of a bilingual/bicultural approach to learning believe that ASL is a deaf child's natural language and English should be introduced as a second language.

For more information on ASL:

Pidgin Signed English (PSE) is the use of ASL signs, but in English word order. Not all the English words are represented. It is used typically so that speech can accompany the use of sign. This is a considered a form of simultaneous communication (sim-com) or sometimes referred to as Total Communication (TC).

Signed English, Seeing Essential English (SEE I), and Signing Exact English (SEE II) are all systems referred to as Manually Coded English. They were developed to visually represent each English word in its correct tense through signs and invented gestures. The theory is that by showing each English word, children will have an easier time learning to read and write in English.

For more information on Signing Exact English (SEE II):